Here's the methodology.
Let's take the paying WEIGHT that a plane transports from A to B.
The paying weight is made up of passengers, their baggage, and any cargo that the plane carries.
As an example, let's take an Airbus A320.
Typical 2 class configuration is 150 passengers. Take a load factor of 86.6%, so 130 passengers
Consider a trip of the maximum range (3,700 miles), uses maximum 6,400 US Gallons of fuel.
Weights:
Empty Weight of A320 94,000
Weight of 6,400 US Gallons of Jet Fuel 42,624
Weight of 130 passengers plus their baggage 26,000
Weight of cargo (subtract above from Max Take off Weight of 170,000) 7,376
So, each passenger consumes approximately (200/(26000+7376)*6,400=38 US Gallons to travel 3,700 Miles. (not bad!)
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